Jonska izmjena natrijuma sa hlorovodoničnom kiselinom na zeolitu ZSM-5
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5937/zasmat2103155SKljučne reči:
zeolit, jonska izmjena natrijuma, karakterizacija H-ZSM-5, XRD, FT-IR, SEMApstrakt
ZSM-5 zeoliti su visokosilikatni materijali koji imaju značajnu primjenu kod katalitičkih procesa u petrohemiji, naročito zbog visoke selektivnosti. Većina reakcija u petrohemijskoj industriji je katalizovana kiselinama. Kiselinska svojstva zeolita su zavisna od količine kiselih centara, odnosno prisustva vodoničnih jona, te će stoga, u ovom radu biti ispitana mogućnost smanjenja sadržaja natrijuma u porama visokosilikatnog zeolita ZSM-5 sa modulom (SiO2/Al2O3 = 1000) primjenom procesa jonske izmjene sa hlorovodoničnom kiselinom. Hemijskom analizom uzoraka prije i poslije jonske izmjene, te primjenom instrumentalnih metoda X-Ray difrakcije, FT-IR spektroskopije i SEM analize praćen je uticaj količine vodoničnih jona na hemijski sastav i promjenu strukture ZSM-5 zeolita pri različitim koncentracijama kiseline, te različitim vremenima jonske izmjene. Pokazano je da je primjenom jonske izmjene sa hlorovodoničnom kiselinom moguće smanjiti sadržaj natrijuma u zeolitu. Već pri primjeni 5% HCl u trajanju od 6 sati postiže se redukcija sadržaja natrijuma u zeolitu od preko 98%. Sličan efekat se postiže pri primjeni koncentrovanijih rastvora hlorovodonične kiseline za kraće vrijeme jonske izmjene. Produženjem vremena jonske izmjene, ne dolazi do znatnijih promjena u pogledu konačne jonske izmjene. S druge strane, primjena rastvora HCl većih koncentracija dovodi do blagog pada sadržaja aluminijuma u zeolitu, što može djelimično uticati na strukturnu stabilnost zeolita. Rezultati dobijeni FT-IR i SEM analizom, te X-Ray difrakcijom potvrđuju mogućnost jonske izmjene sa hlorovodoničnom kiselinom, bez značajnijih promjena kristalne strukture zeolita.Reference
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