Some of the characteristic substances in the Devola River, Albania

Aurel Nuro; Bledar Murtaj; Elda Marku

doi:10.5937/zasmat2201037N

Autori

Aurel Nuro Tirana University, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tirana, Albania Autor
Bledar Murtaj Tirana University, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tirana, Albania Autor
Elda Marku Tirana University, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tirana, Albania Autor

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5937/zasmat2201037N

Ključne reči:

reka Devolli, Organohlorni pesticidi, PCB markeri, Analiza vode, Analiza sedimenta, GC/ECD

Apstrakt

Ova preliminarna studija daje prve podatke o koncentracijama organohlornih pesticida (OCP) i polihlorisanih bifenila (PCB) u uzorcima vode i sedimenata reke Devolli. Nalazi se u jugoistočnoj Albaniji, u polju Korča, koje je druga poljoprivredna oblast u Albaniji. Stanice za uzorkovanje vode reke Devoli odabrane su u osam različitih stanica, počevši od njenog toka (planina Gramozi) do kraja polja Korča, u blizini hidroelektrane Banja (region Gramši). Uzorkovanje vode i nanosa urađeno je na istim stanicama, u decembru 2018. Pesticidi su se u prošlosti na ovom području godinama koristili uglavnom u poljoprivredne svrhe. Takođe, sliv reke Devoli je, takođe, pogođen industrijskim aktivnostima i urbanim zagađenjem. Navodnjavanje vodom i padavine doprinose njihovom transportu iz tla u podzemne i površinske vode. Organohlorni pesticidi i PCB su veoma stabilna jedinjenja koja se mogu na i u životnoj sredini mnogo godina nakon njihove primene. Ekstrakcija tečnost-tečnost je korišćena za izolovanje OCP i PCB u uzorcima vode, dok je ultrazvučna ekstrakcija korišćena za njihovu ekstrakciju u uzorcima sedimenta. Istovremena analiza organohlornih zagađivača u uzorcima vode obavljena je tehnikom gasne hromatografije korišćenjem detektora za hvatanje elektrona (GC ECD). Rtk-5 kapilarna kolona ( 0 m k 0, mm k 0,2 um) korišćena je za odvajanje 17 organohlornih pesticida prema EPA 8081A i 7 PCB markera. Relativno visoke koncentracije organohlornih pesticida su otkrivene u uzorcima vode i sedimenta reke Devoli u poređenju sa drugim rekama Albanije. Njihovo prisustvo može biti posledica njihove prethodne upotrebe u polju Korča. Isparljivi PCB su pronađeni u većoj koncentraciji u uzorcima vode zbog atmosferskog taloženja. Utvrđeno je da su nivoi pojedinih pesticida u uzorcima površinske vode reke Devoli veći od dozvoljenih prema normama Albanije i EU. Nadležni organi treba da vrše kontinuirani monitoring u uzorcima vode ove reke.

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